Building.



D. CRAIG.

BUILDING.

APPLICATION TILED APR. 16, 1909.

1,083,876. Patented Jan. 6, 1 914.

4 SHEETS-BEBE! 1.

' E i-$ 29 2" QQQ CD --CX---Q- --Q CT U 'O l U606 W z' I r Patented Jan. 6, 1914.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

D. CRAIG.

BUILDING.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 16, 1909.

DAVID CRAIG, 0! MELBDSE, ISSABHUSET'IB, MS'IGNOBL OF ENE-HALF TO cnasann's n.

LOVESY, OI BETHLEBEI, PENNSYLVANIA.

. BUILDING;

v fipeoiflcaflon of Letters Patent.

Patented J an. 6, 1914.

Application flled lpril 16, 1809. Serial No. 490,383.

To all whom it may concern I Be it known that I, DAVID CRAIG, a citlzen of the United States, and resident of Melrose, in the county of Middlesex and State of Massachusetts, have invented new and useful Improvements in Buildings, of-

which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to a building, and articularly to a knockdownand portable uilding of concrete or the like, and consists essentially ofa frame made up of a plurality of upright members and cross members separabl connected together, and

a plurality of sla 's of concrete, or similar hardened plastic material, which may be reinforced or not as desired, separably at-' tached to said frame, so that the structure, may be readily andiquickly assembled or; taken down for the purpose of storage or? transportation without injury to the parts. j This improved knockdown building may be packed into very small compass, and when set up produces a strong, durable and fire-l side sills B are provided at intervals with proof structure.

.Other features will hereinafter be deto the-side sills; and the ridge pole D is scribed and pointed out in the claim.

While my invention is applicable to buildings generally, and may be put to a great variety of uses, it maybe well illustrated in a portable automobile house or garage in which fire-proof construction is of the greatest importance. I will therefore address my description to a building suitable to be used as a portable garage by way of illustration, but desire to have it understood that the invention is not limited to such use.

In the accompanying drawings which illustrate certain embodiments of my invention,Figure- 1 is a front elevation .of a house embodying my invention, partly in section; Fig. 2 is a side elevation of said house, partly in section; Fig. 3 is a horizontal section of the walls of said house taken through the joint between two tiers of the slabs; Fig. 4 is an enlarged detail, in horizontal section, showing one method ofseparably fastening the slabs to the uprights at the sides and corners; Fig. 5 is an enlarged detail, in horizontal section, showing another method of separably fastening the slabs to the uprights; Fig. 6 is an enlarged detail, partly in plan and partly in section, showing still another method of separably fastening the slabs to the uprights' Fig. 7 is a plan view, partly in section, 0 one of the slabs showin a method of reinforcing the same; and if. 8 is a side elevation, partly 1n section 0 the slab shown in Fig. 7.

The frame of the the upright members A, which are preferably beams of concrete reinforced by rods a embedded therein. The upright members A are preferably made square and of the same breadth as the air space between the inner and outer walls when a double wall is used. Those uprights at the side of the building, or in any wall longer than a single slab, are provided with lateral projections a through which the bolts pass fastening the slabs to the uprights. The cross members of the frame, supported by the uprights, comprise the side sills B, which may be made with an inclined or beveled top surface to engage the sloping roof; the end sills C; and the ridge pole D. Each of said frame members is referably made of concrete or the like reinfiirced by metal rods a similarly to the upright members. The

the lugs 12 for bolts to fasten the roof slabs provided on top at each side with a bead d overhanging and covering the joint between the ridge pole and the ends of the roof slabs.

The frame members may be separably held together by suitable removable fastening means, such as the screw bolts 6 passing through holes in the side sills B and into sockets in the ends of the uprights A, and the angle brackets 0 removably screwed to the end sills C and the uprights A.

The Walls of the building consist of a plurality of coverin slabs E of concrete or the like. These sla s are preferably reinforced in some manner as by the twisted, perforated strip .of metal 6 shown in Figs.

7 and 8. Each wall slab may also be prohouse is made upf of parts. The wallslabs are built up in tiers on their narrow edges and are separably secured to each side of the uprights by means of the removable bolts 6 passing through the uprights; and the slabs of the several tiers are preferably arranged in staggered or broken joint relation as shown in Fig. 2. The end 'oints between the slabs fall uppn the uprig ts, and the lateral lugs or projections a on the uprights afford sufiicient surface for the fastening bolts without making the uprights too broad. When the wall surface is no longer than a single slab, as is the case at either side of the door F (Fig. 1) this staggered arrangement is not used. The inner and outer walls thus formed are spaced apart by the uprights and an air space a: is provided. The inner wall covering may be omitted if the use to which the budding is to be put does not require a double wall and air space. Y

In order to rotect the bore e and bolt e from the weat er, to prevent the rustingof the bolt and leakage through the bore, and to conceal the fastening means and provide a decorative finish caps G of porcelain, metal, or any suitable material, are rovided to cover the ends of the bolts and t e bores, and are fastened to the surface of the walls by cement or plaster g, which fills the space within the aperture e and underneath the cap, thus forming an effective seal.

The roof consists of a plurality of slabs H, each provided at its upper edge adjacent to the ri underneat the bead d and provides a seat for the removable bolts 12. passing through the opposed flan es la and the intervening ridge pole D. ach roof slab is also provided with the u turned flange it along one of its lateral e ges, and a similar flange having the covering strip k along its other edge, so that each slab constitutes a trough, well adapted to shed water, and when a number of such slabs are placed close together edge to edge with the strip 72:"- extending over the edge of the adjacent flange 71. a roof is provided consistin of a plurality of troughs adapted to rain away water and havin no upwardly exposed joints. Each sla H referably extends from the ridge pole to t e caves and forms a continuous trough from ridge pole to eaves. The lateral flanges not only provide the sides of the trough but serve as strengthenin ribs or trusses. Removable bolts h passing through the flanges k of the slabs, fasten the slabs together edge to edge. Re-

.movable bolts H passing through lugs b on the side sills B, and into sockets on the under e pole with a flange h, which fits i,os8,876

side of the roof slabs, secure the roof slabs vided with the offset projections or flanges 0. through which a screw 8 passes and is held by a reinforced bore 6 extending into but only part way through slab E, thus not exposing the fastening means at all on the outer face of the slab. The opposite slab may. also be attached by a similar blind fastening means or may be attached by a bolt 8 passing through the slabas already described.

Still another form of blind fastening means is shown in Fig. 6, consisting of wire loops 1, the ends of which are embedded and anchored in the concrete slab, projecting from recesses m in the opposed faces of the slabs. These loops are connected by a wire link 12. which is twisted, as shown, drawing the slabs E, E, toward each other and in tight engagement with the uprights A.

All of the parts, namely, the upright beams, cross beams or sills, wall slabs and roof slabs, are composed of concrete or the like, and the frame members are reinforced as described by lon 'tudinal metal rods embedded therein. T us a fireproof building is provided composed of what may be termed concrete lumber throughout, fastened together with metallic fastening means.

I claim:

A knockdown orportable building comprising a frame made up'of a plurality of upright and cross members, a plurality of wall slabs of concrete or the like, said wall slabs provided with countersunk bores adapted to receive removable bolts for separately fastening said slabs to said frame, caps covering said countersunk bores, and cement or the like filling the countersunk apertures of said bores and securing said caps in place.

Signed by me at Boston, Massachusetts, this ninth day of April 1909.

, DAVID CRAIG.

Witnesses:

ROBERT OUSHMAN, CHARLES D. WOODBERRY. 

